A trial of 80 healthy middle-aged adults gave a dummy pill (placebo A dummy treatment that looks like the real one, so people can't tell which they got.) or 300, 600 or 900 mg of NMN daily for 60 days. Blood NAD rose in every NMN group compared with placebo and baseline, and most at 600 and 900 mg1Randomized trial · 2023 · 80 peopleThe efficacy and safety of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation in healthy middle-aged adults: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-dependent clinical trial.This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials. gov, NCT04823260, and Clinical Trial Registry - India, CTRI/2021/03/032421.Geroscience.
A trial of 32 overweight or obese adults aged 55 to 80 gave 1,000 mg once or twice daily for 14 days. Blood NAD rose in a dose-related way, and blood NMN rose about 1.7 times and 3.7 times above baseline5Randomized trial · 2023MIB-626, an Oral Formulation of a Microcrystalline Unique Polymorph of β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, Increases Circulating Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and its Metabolome in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.MIB-626 1 000 mg once-daily or twice-daily regimens were safe and associated with substantial dose-related increases in blood NAD levels and its metabolome. These foundational data that were obtained using a pharmaceutical-grade βNMN, standardized sample collection, and validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass…J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.
A trial of 60 older adults gave 250 mg daily for 12 weeks. Blood NAD and related compounds were higher than with placebo7Randomized trial · 2024 · 60 peopleIngestion of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide increased blood NAD levels, maintained walking speed, and improved sleep quality in older adults in a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled study.Together, these results indicate that NMN intake could increase blood NAD + levels, maintain walking speed, and improve sleep quality in older adults. Interventions involving NMN aimed at maintaining walking speed could contribute to extended healthy life expectancy.Geroscience.
A trial of 36 healthy middle-aged adults gave 250 mg daily for 12 weeks. Levels of nicotinamide, a NAD-related compound, rose. NAD itself was not the reported result3Randomized trial · 2023 · 36 peopleNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism and arterial stiffness after long-term nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.NMN safely and effectively elevated NAD+ metabolism in healthy middle-aged adults. Additionally, NMN supplementation showed potential in alleviating arterial stiffness.Sci Rep.
Results aren't uniform. The first human trials, in 2016, found NMN raised NAD breakdown products but not blood NAD itself in healthy men1Randomized trial · 2023 · 80 peopleThe efficacy and safety of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation in healthy middle-aged adults: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-dependent clinical trial.This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials. gov, NCT04823260, and Clinical Trial Registry - India, CTRI/2021/03/032421.Geroscience. A small trial of 10 men gave single doses of 100 to 500 mg and measured NAD byproducts, which rose with the dose9Clinical trial · 2020 · 10 peopleEffect of oral administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide on clinical parameters and nicotinamide metabolite levels in healthy Japanese men.The single oral administration of NMN was safe and effectively metabolized in healthy men without causing any significant deleterious effects. Thus, the oral administration of NMN was found to be feasible, implicating a potential therapeutic strategy to mitigate aging-related disorders in humans.Endocr J.
Blood levels are what these trials measured. Whether NAD rises in muscle or other organs after NMN isn't shown here. A related compound, nicotinamide riboside, raised NAD levels in muscle in a 12-man trial8Randomized trial · 2019Nicotinamide Riboside Augments the Aged Human Skeletal Muscle NAD+ Metabolome and Induces Transcriptomic and Anti-inflammatory Signatures.NR also depressed levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines. Our data establish that oral NR is available to aged human muscle and identify anti-inflammatory effects of NR.Cell Rep.
Key studies
Study
Who
What it found
Trial, 20231Randomized trial · 2023 · 80 peopleThe efficacy and safety of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation in healthy middle-aged adults: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-dependent clinical trial.This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials. gov, NCT04823260, and Clinical Trial Registry - India, CTRI/2021/03/032421.Geroscience
80 middle-aged adults
Blood NAD rose at 300 to 900 mg; most at 600 and 900 mg
Trial, 20235Randomized trial · 2023MIB-626, an Oral Formulation of a Microcrystalline Unique Polymorph of β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, Increases Circulating Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and its Metabolome in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.MIB-626 1 000 mg once-daily or twice-daily regimens were safe and associated with substantial dose-related increases in blood NAD levels and its metabolome. These foundational data that were obtained using a pharmaceutical-grade βNMN, standardized sample collection, and validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass…J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
32 overweight older adults
Dose-related NAD rise at 1,000 to 2,000 mg daily
Trial, 20247Randomized trial · 2024 · 60 peopleIngestion of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide increased blood NAD levels, maintained walking speed, and improved sleep quality in older adults in a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled study.Together, these results indicate that NMN intake could increase blood NAD + levels, maintain walking speed, and improve sleep quality in older adults. Interventions involving NMN aimed at maintaining walking speed could contribute to extended healthy life expectancy.Geroscience
60 older adults
250 mg for 12 weeks raised blood NAD
Trial, 20233Randomized trial · 2023 · 36 peopleNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism and arterial stiffness after long-term nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.NMN safely and effectively elevated NAD+ metabolism in healthy middle-aged adults. Additionally, NMN supplementation showed potential in alleviating arterial stiffness.Sci Rep
36 middle-aged adults
NAD-related nicotinamide rose at 250 mg daily
Safety
No serious side effects were reported in trials of up to 900 mg daily for 60 days1Randomized trial · 2023 · 80 peopleThe efficacy and safety of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation in healthy middle-aged adults: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-dependent clinical trial.This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials. gov, NCT04823260, and Clinical Trial Registry - India, CTRI/2021/03/032421.Geroscience. Doses of 1,250 mg daily for up to 4 weeks caused no changes beyond normal variation in 31 healthy adults2Randomized trial · 2022 · 31 peopleSafety evaluation of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide oral administration in healthy adult men and women.cgi? recptno=R000049188 .Sci Rep. Trials were short, so long-term safety is unknown.
What we don't know
Whether a higher blood NAD level brings health benefits. Results on walking, sleep and fitness came from small trials, mostly secondary outcomes, and aren't settled7Randomized trial · 2024 · 60 peopleIngestion of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide increased blood NAD levels, maintained walking speed, and improved sleep quality in older adults in a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled study.Together, these results indicate that NMN intake could increase blood NAD + levels, maintain walking speed, and improve sleep quality in older adults. Interventions involving NMN aimed at maintaining walking speed could contribute to extended healthy life expectancy.Geroscience,10Randomized trial · 2021Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation enhances aerobic capacity in amateur runners: a randomized, double-blind study.NMN increases the aerobic capacity of humans during exercise training, and the improvement is likely the result of enhanced O2 utilization of the skeletal muscle.J Int Soc Sports Nutr.
How NMN affects NAD in muscle and other tissues, and what happens over years.
Written by AI from the studies listed, without review by a clinician, and graded with the GRADE method. It can be wrong, so check the studies it cites. Education, not medical advice.